Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Abstract

One of the most important problems in heart signal processing is the extraction of fetal electrocardiogram (FECG). One of the reasons that we are interested in FECG extraction is that this signal consists of important characteristics about healthy conditions of fetus. Based on available conditions, Blind Source Separation is a suitable method for this problem. Existence of noise in observed signals from electrodes on the mother's body, can affect the separation performance. Therefore signal de-noising is an important stage in this problem. In this study, using wavelet transform and optimum selection of its parameters in FECG extraction has been investigated. The first reason for using wavelet transform is to remove noise from the observed signals and the second reason is to apply it into BBS algorithms. Depending to the noise level in signals, wavelet transform can be used before or after signal separation, also it can be used both before and after signal separation. Simulation results show the performance of each method in different conditions for obtaining the desired signal at the presence of noise.

Keywords

[1] C.J. Mavell, D.L. Kirk, H.M. Jenkins and E.M. Symonds. “Normal Condition of the fetal electrocardiogram during labour”, Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 92, PP. 611-617, 1980.
[2] F.Vrins,V. Vigneron , C.Jutten ,M.Verleysen , “Abdominal Electrodes Analysis by Statistical Processing For Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction”, Microelectronics Laboratory .Machine Learning Groupe, France, 2004.
[3] S. Abboud, G. Barkai, S. Mashiach and D. sadeh. “Quantification of the fecg using averaging technique”, Comput. Biod. Med., 20, PP.147-155, 1990
[4] G.D.Clifford, “Fetal & Maternal ECG Blind Source Separation Lab”, April, 2005.
[5] Bruno Azzerboni, Fabio La Foresta,Nadia Mammone, Francesco Carlo Morabito, “A New Approach Based On Wavelet-ICA Algorithms For Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction”, Proceeding of European simposium on Artificial Neural Networks, 2005.
[6] V.Vigneron A.Paraschiv-Ionescu, A.Azancot ,O. Sibony, C.Jutten, “Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction Based on Non-Stationary ICA and Wavelet Denoising”, LIS, INPG, Genoble codex, France, 2003.
[7] Bertrand Rivet, V.Vigneron , A. Paraschiv-Ionescu, C.Jutten , “Wavelet Denoising for Blind Source Separation in Noisy Mixtures”, Institut national polytechnique de Grenoble, 2004.
[8] A. Paraschiv-Ionescu, C.Jutten, K.Aminian,B.Najafi ,Ph.Robert, “Source Separation in Strong Noisy Mixtures :A Study of Wavelet Denoising Pre-Processing” , Proceed of ICASSP2002, orland. (USA), 2002.
[9] Tom Froese, “Classification of ECG Signals Using Discrete Wavelet Transforms”,MEng Computer Science and Cybernetics, University of Reading,2004.
[10] S.Poornachandra,N.Kumaravel , “Subband-Adaptive Shrinkage for de noising of ECG Signals”, Hindawi Publishing corporation, EuRASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing Vol. 2006, pp. 1-9, 2006.
[11] E.Bacharakis,A.K.Nandi ,V.Zarzoso , “Fetal ECG Extraction Using Blind Sourse Separation Methods”,Signal Processing Division.University of Srathclyde,September 1996.