Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Djillali Liabes University of Sidi Bel-Abbes

2 IRECOM Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, Djillali Liabes University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria

3 LMSS Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, Djillali Liabes University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria

Abstract

It is well-known that the stator Inter-Turn Short Circuit (ITSC) fault detection in vector-controlled Induction Motor (IM) is a very difficult task so far. This is due to the various problems encountered in diagnostic processes resulting from the speed variation and its influence on electrical signals. As a solution, this paper proposes an approach based on the Vold-Kalman Filter Order Tracking (VKF-OT) technique. To this end, stator phase current, quadrature current and rotational speed were monitored at various speeds with and without fault (i.e. healthy and with the ITSC fault) in the Field oriented control (FOC) IM drive. The VKF-OT technique was applied to the monitored currents in order to track the related harmonic components fault, the results are compared to the classical Fourier analysis (FFT). The obtained results proved that the presented approach is more efficient than the FFT technique, especially when the IM is operating under non-stationary speed conditions.

Keywords

[1] H. Henao et al., “Trends in Fault Diagnosis for Electrical Machines: A Review of Diagnostic Techniques,” IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 31–42, Jun. 2014.
[2] Khalaf Salloum Gaeid, H. W. Ping, and Y. Almushhadany, “‘Modelling & Fault Diagnosis of IM by using Intelligent Control,’” LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2012, pp. 1–185.
[3] M. Abd-el-Malek, A. K. Abdelsalam, and O. E. Hassan, “Induction motor broken rotor bar fault location detection through envelope analysis of start-up current using Hilbert transform,” Mech. Syst. Signal Process., vol. 93, pp. 332–350, Sep. 2017.
[4] S. Nagarajan and S. R. Reddy, “Digital Simulation of Fault Tolerant Inverter Fed Induction Motor with a Leg Swap Module,” Majlesi J. Electr. Eng., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 38–44, 2012.
[5] K. S. Gaeid, K. Lumpur, and S. Darul, “Diagnosis and Fault Tolerant Control of the Induction Motors Techniques a Review,” Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 227–246, 2010.
[6] N. Lahoud, J. Faucher, D. Malec, and P. Maussion, “Electrical aging of the insulation of low-voltage machines: Model definition and test with the design of experiments,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 9, pp. 4147–4155, Sep. 2013.
[7] M. B. K. Bouzid and G. Champenois, “New expressions of symmetrical components of the induction motor under stator faults,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 9, pp. 4093–4102, Sep. 2013.
[8] M. Riera-Guasp, J. A. Antonino-Daviu, and G.-A. Capolino, “Advances in Electrical Machine, Power Electronic, and Drive Condition Monitoring and Fault Detection: State of the Art,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 1746–1759, Mar. 2015.
[9] M. Wolkiewicz, G. Tarchala, T. Orlowska-Kowalska, and C. T. Kowalski, “Online Stator Interturn Short Circuits Monitoring in the DFOC Induction-Motor Drive,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 2517–2528, Apr. 2016.
[10] S. Sakhara, S. Saad, and L. Nacib, “Diagnosis and detection of short circuit in asynchronous motor using three-phase model,” Int. J. Syst. Assur. Eng. Manag., Mar. 2016.
[11] G. N. Surya, Z. J. Khan, M. S. Ballal, and H. M. Suryawanshi, “A Simplified Frequency Domain Detection of Stator Turn Fault in Squirrel Cage Induction Motors Using Observer Coil Technique,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 442403, no. c, pp. 1–1, 2016.
[12] A. KÜÇÜKER and M. BAYRAK, “Detection of stator winding fault in induction motor using instantaneous power signature analysis,” TURKISH J. Electr. Eng. Comput. Sci., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 1263–1271, 2015.
[13] S. M. A. Cruz and A. J. Marques Cardoso, “Stator winding fault diagnosis in three-phase synchronous and asynchronous motors, by the extended park’s vector approach,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 1227–1233, 2001.
[14] M. B. K. Bouzid, G. Champenois, and S. Tnani, “Reliable stator fault detection based on the induction motor negative sequence current compensation,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 95, pp. 490–498, 2018.
[15] J. Seshadrinath, B. Singh, and B. K. Panigrahi, “Vibration analysis based interturn fault diagnosis in induction machines,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Informatics, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 340–350, 2014.
[16] A. Gandhi, T. Corrigan, and L. Parsa, “Recent advances in modeling and online detection of stator interturn faults in electrical motors,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1564–1575, May 2011.
[17] K. N. Gyftakis, M. Drif, and A. J. M. Cardoso, “Thorough investigation of the third current harmonic in delta-connected induction motors suffering from a stator inter-turn fault,” in Proceedings - SDEMPED 2015: IEEE 10th International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives, 2015, pp. 7–13.
[18] H. Talhaoui, A. Menacer, A. Kessal, and R. Kechida, “Fast Fourier and discrete wavelet transforms applied to sensorless vector control induction motor for rotor bar faults diagnosis,” in ISA Transactions, 2014, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1639–1649.
[19] Z. Hou, H. Liu, L. Zhao, J. Huang, and T. Wang, “Quantitative broken rotor bar fault detection for closed-loop controlled induction motors,” IET Electr. Power Appl., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 403–410, May 2016.
[20] S. M. A. Cruz and A. J. M. Cardoso, “Diagnosis of stator inter-turn short circuits in DTC induction motor drives,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 1349–1360, Sep. 2004.
[21] A. Bellini, F. Filippetti, G. Franceschini, and C. Tassoni, “Closed-loop control impact on the diagnosis of induction motors faults,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1318–1339, 2000.
[22] S. Cheng, P. Zhang, and T. G. Habetler, “An impedance identification approach to sensitive detection and location of stator turn-to-turn faults in a closed-loop multiple-motor drive,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 58, no. 5, pp. 1545–1554, 2011.
[23] C. T. Kowalski, R. Wierzbicki, and M. Wolkiewicz, “Stator and Rotor Faults Monitoring of the Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drive using State Estimators,” Autom. ‒ J. Control. Meas. Electron. Comput. Commun., vol. 54, no. 3, 2013.
[24] M. Wolkiewicz, G. Tarchała, C. T. Kowalski, and T. Orłowska-Kowalska, “Stator Faults Monitoring and Detection in Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drives—Comparative Study,” in Advanced Control of Electrical Drives and Power Electronic Converters, Springer International Publishing, 2017, pp. 169–191.
[25] J. C. Urresty, J. R. Riba, and L. Romeral, “Diagnosis of interturn faults in pmsms operating under nonstationary conditions by applying order tracking filtering,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 507–515, 2013.
[26] J. R. Blough, “A survey of DSP methods for rotating machinery analysis, what is needed, what is available,” J. Sound Vib., vol. 262, no. 3, pp. 707–720, May 2003.
[27] H. Vold and J. Leuridan, “High Resolution Order Tracking at Extreme Slew Rates, Using Kalman Tracking Filters,” 1993.
[28] H. Vold, M. Mains, and J. Blough, “Theoretical Foundations for High Performance Order Tracking with the Vold-Kalman Tracking Filter,” 1997.
[29] J. Tuma, “Setting the passband width in the vold- kalman order tracking filter,” Twelfth Int. Congr. Sound Vib., pp. 1–8, 2005.
[30] K. S. Wang and P. S. Heyns, “Vold-kalman filter order tracking in vibration monitoring of electrical machines,” JVC/Journal Vib. Control, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 1325–1347, 2009.
[31] Xiaogang Luo, A. El-Antably, and T. a. Lipo, “Multiple coupled circuit modeling of synchronous reluctance machines,” in Proceedings of 1994 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 1994, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 281–289.
[32] H. A. Toliyat and T. A. Lipo, “Transient analysis of cage induction machines under stator, rotor bar and end ring faults,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 241–247, Jun. 1995.
[33] G. Gentile, S. Meo, and A. Ometto, “Induction motor current signature analysis to diagnostics, of stator short circuits,” in IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electric Machines, Power Electronics and Drives, SDEMPED 2003 - Proceedings, 2003, pp. 47–51.
[34] P. Shi, Z. Chen, Y. Vagapov, and Z. Zouaoui, “A new diagnosis of broken rotor bar fault extent in three phase squirrel cage induction motor,” Mech. Syst. Signal Process., vol. 42, no. 1–2, pp. 388–403, Jan. 2014.
[35] H. A. Toliyat, T. A. Lipo, and J. C. White, “Analysis of a concentrated winding induction machine for adjustable speed drive applications. I. Motor analysis,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 679–683, 1991.
[36] A. Menacer, M. d N. T-Said, A. Benakcha, and S. Drid, “Stator Current Analysis of Incipient Fault into Asynchronous Motor Rotor Bars using Fourier Fast Transform,” J. Electr. Eng., vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 122–130, 2004.
[37] R. M. Tallam, T. G. Habetler, and R. G. Harley, “Transient model for induction machines with stator winding turn faults,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 632–637, May 2002.
[38] C. H. De Angelo, G. R. Bossio, S. J. Giaccone, M. I. Valla, J. A. Solsona, and G. O. Garcia, “Online Model-Based Stator-Fault Detection and Identification in Induction Motors,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 4671–4680, Nov. 2009.
[39] S. Laribi and A. Bendiabdellah, “Stator short circuit and broken bar faults diagnosis of an indirect vector control squirrel cage induction motor,” Int. Rev. Electr. Eng., vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 2088–2094, 2010.
[40] M. Sahraoui, A. Ghoggal, S. E. Zouzou, A. Aboubou, and H. Razik, “Modelling and Detection of Inter-Turn Short Circuits in Stator Windings of Induction Motor,” in IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics, 2006, pp. 4981–4986.
[41] T. Ameid, A. Menacer, H. Talhaoui, and I. Harzelli, “Broken rotor bar fault diagnosis using fast Fourier transform applied to field-oriented control induction machine: simulation and experimental study,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 92, no. 1–4, pp. 917–928, Sep. 2017.