Document Type : Reseach Article
10.57647/j.mjee.2024.1802.30
Abstract
This paper presents the construction of a method to find the optimal route for ships with two criteria: fuel consumption and sailing time. Unlike most previous studies, the data used in this research was generated from a simulation model using the HIL (Hardward-In-The-Loop) technology instead of real operational data. The HIL simulator is built from equations of the ship's 6 degrees of freedom (6-DOF), models of environmental disturbances, propulsion systems, and technical records of the real ship. In fact, operating data of the real ship is collected from noon reports, which are often incomplete in terms of environmental disturbances acting on the ship, not to mention the large sampling time (usually updated once a day). Meanwhile, the dataset generated from the HIL simulator will fully include the three main environmental components acting on ships, including waves, wind, and currents, with various scenarios. Based on that dataset, an algorithm to find optimal routes with two criteria is proposed using neural networks and the A-star algorithm. Test results show that the proposed algorithm operates reliably and has low errors. This research can be applied to find the optimal routes for small and medium-sized ships in Vietnam before each voyage at a low cost instead of using high-cost weather routing services.
Keywords
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J. Faber, S. Hanayama, D.S. Lee, D. Lee, H. Lindstad,
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EEDI challenge.”. Annals of ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati Fascicle XI- Shipbuilding, , 2019.
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(IECON), Dallas, TX, USA, , 2014.
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IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49-23:pp. 604–609, 2016.
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consumption.”. Neural Computing and Applications,
32(23):pp. 17379–17395, 2020. [23] W. Zhao, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and H. Wang.
“Multicriteria Ship Route Planning Method
Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization–Genetic Algorithm.”. Journal of Marine Science
and Engineering, 9(4), 2021.
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comprehensive ship weather routing system using
CMEMS products and A∗ algorithm.”. Ocean Engineering, 255, 2022.
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Weather Routing Algorithm for Ships: The Perspective of Shipping Company’s Navigation Strategy.”. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering,
10(9), 2022.
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Route Planning Method under the Sailing Time
Constraint.”. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 11(6), 2023.
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Cybernetics, , 2002.
[29] J. P. Khac Duc Do. “Control of Ships and Underwater Vehicles.”. Springer London, , 2009.
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the rudder profile on manoeuvring performance of
ships.”. Ocean Engineering, 124:pp. 226–240, 2016.
[31] H. Yasukawa and Y. Yoshimura. “Introduction of
MMG standard method for ship maneuvering predictions.”. Journal of Marine Science and Technology,
20(1):pp. 37–52, 2014.
[32] T. B. Perez and Mogens. “Mathematical Ship Modeling for Control Applications.”. DTU, , 2002.
[33] K. D. Huu, T. D. Anh, and T. H. Duc. “A 3D Dynamic
Model Applied for Cargo Ships to Study Ship Motion Control.”. 17th International Conference on
Engineering of Modern Electric Systems (EMES), :pp.
1–4, 2023.
[34] K. D. Huu, T. D. Anh, and T. H. Duc. “A RealTime Model Using Interpolation Method and SemiEmpirical Formulas to Estimate Fuel Consumption
for Cargo Ships.”. International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing
(ICIEAM), :pp. 932–937, 2023.
[35] K. D. Huu, T. D. Anh, and T. H. Duc. “A Neural
Network-Based Model to Predict Fuel Consumption and Sailing Time for Cargo Ships.”. International Russian Automation Conference 2023, , 2023.
[36] H. Reddy. “PATH FINDING-Dijkstra’s and A∗ Algorithm’s.”. Computer Science, , 2013.
[37] A. A. Harshita Sharma, Peter Leskovsky, Olaf Hellwich, RS Anand, Norman Zerbe, and Peter Hufnagl.
“Determining similarity in histological images using
graph-theoretic description and matching methods
for content-based image retrieval in medical diagnostics.”. Diagn Pathol, 7:pp. 134, 2012.
[38] W. Sun, S. Tang, X. Liu, S. Zhou, and J. Wei. “An Improved Ship Weather Routing Framework for CII
Reduction Accounting for Wind-Assisted Rotors.”.
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(12),
2022.
[39] X. Jin, J. Xiong, D. Gu, C. Yi, and Y. Jiang. “Research
on Ship Route Planning Method Based on Neural
Network Wave Data Forecast.”. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 638(1), 2021.
[40] E. Sobecka, R. Szłapczynski, and M. Zyczkowski.
“Evolutionary multi–objective weather routing of
sailboats.”. Polish Maritime Research, 27:pp. 130–
139, 2020.
cooling system pumps of a container ship for the
slow steaming conditions to enhance the energy
efficiency.”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 222:pp.
206–217, 2019.
[2] Ø. Buhaug, J.J. Corbett, Ø. Endresen, V. Eyring,
J. Faber, S. Hanayama, D.S. Lee, D. Lee, H. Lindstad,
A. Z. Markowska, A. Mjelde, D Nelissen, J. Nilsen,
C. Palsson, J.J. Winebrake, W. Wu, and K. Yoshida.
“Second IMO GHG Study 2009.”. International Maritime Organization (IMO) London, UK, , 2009.
[3] J. F. Bekker and J. P. Schmid. “Planning the safe transit of a ship through a mapped minefield.”. ORiON,
22:1, 2006.
[4] J. Barreiro, S. Zaragoza, and V. Diaz-Casas. “Review
of ship energy efficiency.”. Ocean Engineering, 257,
2022.
[5] M. Lutzen and H. O. H. Kristensen. “ ¨ A Model
for Prediction of Propulsion Power and Emissions–Tankers and Bulk Carriers.”. Paper presented at World Maritime Technology Conference,
Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, , 2012.
[6] H. O. H. L. Kristensen and Marie. “Existing Design Trends for Tankers and Bulk CarriersDesign
Changes for Improvement of the EEDI in the Future.”. Paper presented at IMDC2012, Galsgow,
United Kingdom, , 2012.
[7] A. Papanikolaou. “Holistic ship design optimization.”. Computer-Aided Design, 42(11):pp. 1028–
1044, 2010.
[8] R. El Geneidy, K. Otto, P. Ahtila, P. Kujala, K. Sillanpa¨a, and T. M ¨ aki-Jouppila. “ ¨ Increasing energy
efficiency in passenger ships by novel energy conservation measures.”. Journal of Marine Engineering
and Technology, 17(2):pp. 85–98, 2017.
[9] A. Mihaela. “A preliminary propulsive performance evaluation for an oil tanker to meet the
EEDI challenge.”. Annals of ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati Fascicle XI- Shipbuilding, , 2019.
[10] O. B. Inal, J.-F. Charpentier, and C. Deniz. “Hybrid
power and propulsion systems for ships: Current
status and future challenges.”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 156, 2022.
[11] C. Faitar and I. Novac. “A new approach on the
upgrade of energetic system based on green energy.
A complex comparative analysis of the EEDI and
EEOI.”. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science
and Engineering, 145, 2016.
[12] V. B. Karsten Hochkirch. “Engineering Options for
More Fuel Efficient Ships.”. In Proceedings of First
International Symposium on Fishing Vessel Energy
Efficiency, , 2010.
[13] M. Reichel, A. Minchev, and N. L. Larsen. “Trim
Optimisation-Theory and Practice.”. TransNav,
The International Journal on Marine Navigation and
Safety of Sea Transportation, 8(3):pp. 387–392, 2014.
[14] L. P. Perera, B. Mo, and L. A. Kristjansson. ´
“Identification of optimal trim configurations to
improve energy efficiency in ships.”. IFACPapersOnLine, 48(16):pp. 267–272, 2015. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.10.291.
[15] L. L. a. J. Z. Zhilin Liu. “Nonlinear Path Tracking Control of Underactuated Surface Vessel by
LSSVM-based Identification.”. 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society
(IECON), Dallas, TX, USA, , 2014.
[16] K. H. Yaseen Adnan Ahmed. “Fuzzy Reasoned Waypoint Controller for Automatic Ship Guidance.”.
IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49-23:pp. 604–609, 2016.
[17] N. Bialystocki and D. Konovessis. “On the estimation of ship’s fuel consumption and speed curve: A
statistical approach.”. Journal of Ocean Engineering
and Science, 1(2):pp. 157–166, 2016.
[18] T. Szelangiewicz and K. Zelazny. “Mathematical
model for calculating fuel consumption in real effect weather for a vehicle vessel.”. Multidisciplinary
Aspects of Production Engineering, 2(1):pp. 367–374,
2019.
[19] L. T. Le, G. Lee, K.-S. Park, and H. Kim. “Neural
network-based fuel consumption estimation for
container ships in Korea.”. Maritime Policy and
Management, 47(5):pp. 615–632, 2020.
[20] K. Keh-Kim, S. Boung-Yew Lau, and K. H. Y. Renco.
“Artificial neural network back-propagation based
decision support system for ship fuel consumption
prediction.”. 5th IET International Conference on
Clean Energy and Technology (CEAT2018), :pp. 13,
2018.
[21] H. Lee, N. Aydin, Y. Choi, S. Lekhavat, and Z. Irani.
“A decision support system for vessel speed decision in maritime logistics using weather archive big
data.”. Computers and Operations Research, 98:pp.
330–342, 2018.
[22] W. Tarelko and K. Rudzki. “Applying artificial neural networks for modelling ship speed and fuel
consumption.”. Neural Computing and Applications,
32(23):pp. 17379–17395, 2020. [23] W. Zhao, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and H. Wang.
“Multicriteria Ship Route Planning Method
Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization–Genetic Algorithm.”. Journal of Marine Science
and Engineering, 9(4), 2021.
[24] M. Ciampolini, F. Balduzzi, L. Romani, L. Bellucci,
A. Bianchini, and G. Ferrara. “Towards the development of smart weather routing systems for leisure
planing boats.”. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2385(1), 2022.
[25] M. Grifoll, C. Boren, and M. Castells-Sanabra. “ ´ A
comprehensive ship weather routing system using
CMEMS products and A∗ algorithm.”. Ocean Engineering, 255, 2022.
[26] J. Yang, L. Wu, and J. Zheng. “Multi-Objective
Weather Routing Algorithm for Ships: The Perspective of Shipping Company’s Navigation Strategy.”. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering,
10(9), 2022.
[27] Y. Li, J. Cui, X. Zhang, , and X. Yang. “A Ship
Route Planning Method under the Sailing Time
Constraint.”. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 11(6), 2023.
[28] T. I. Fossen. “Marine Control Systems.”. Marine
Cybernetics, , 2002.
[29] J. P. Khac Duc Do. “Control of Ships and Underwater Vehicles.”. Springer London, , 2009.
[30] J. Liu, F. Quadvlieg, and R. Hekkenberg. “Impacts of
the rudder profile on manoeuvring performance of
ships.”. Ocean Engineering, 124:pp. 226–240, 2016.
[31] H. Yasukawa and Y. Yoshimura. “Introduction of
MMG standard method for ship maneuvering predictions.”. Journal of Marine Science and Technology,
20(1):pp. 37–52, 2014.
[32] T. B. Perez and Mogens. “Mathematical Ship Modeling for Control Applications.”. DTU, , 2002.
[33] K. D. Huu, T. D. Anh, and T. H. Duc. “A 3D Dynamic
Model Applied for Cargo Ships to Study Ship Motion Control.”. 17th International Conference on
Engineering of Modern Electric Systems (EMES), :pp.
1–4, 2023.
[34] K. D. Huu, T. D. Anh, and T. H. Duc. “A RealTime Model Using Interpolation Method and SemiEmpirical Formulas to Estimate Fuel Consumption
for Cargo Ships.”. International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing
(ICIEAM), :pp. 932–937, 2023.
[35] K. D. Huu, T. D. Anh, and T. H. Duc. “A Neural
Network-Based Model to Predict Fuel Consumption and Sailing Time for Cargo Ships.”. International Russian Automation Conference 2023, , 2023.
[36] H. Reddy. “PATH FINDING-Dijkstra’s and A∗ Algorithm’s.”. Computer Science, , 2013.
[37] A. A. Harshita Sharma, Peter Leskovsky, Olaf Hellwich, RS Anand, Norman Zerbe, and Peter Hufnagl.
“Determining similarity in histological images using
graph-theoretic description and matching methods
for content-based image retrieval in medical diagnostics.”. Diagn Pathol, 7:pp. 134, 2012.
[38] W. Sun, S. Tang, X. Liu, S. Zhou, and J. Wei. “An Improved Ship Weather Routing Framework for CII
Reduction Accounting for Wind-Assisted Rotors.”.
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(12),
2022.
[39] X. Jin, J. Xiong, D. Gu, C. Yi, and Y. Jiang. “Research
on Ship Route Planning Method Based on Neural
Network Wave Data Forecast.”. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 638(1), 2021.
[40] E. Sobecka, R. Szłapczynski, and M. Zyczkowski.
“Evolutionary multi–objective weather routing of
sailboats.”. Polish Maritime Research, 27:pp. 130–
139, 2020.
)