Document Type : Reseach Article
Authors
- Muhammad Ili Firdaus Mohamad Sa’ad 1
- Rizalafande Che Ismail 2, 3
- Siti Zarina Md Naziri 2, 3
- Mohd Nazrin Md Isa 2, 3
- Ahmad Husni Mohd Shapri 2, 3
1 Altera Corporation, Bayan Lepas Technoplex, 11900 Penang, Malaysia.
2 Centre of Excellence for Micro System Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Perlis, Malaysia.
3 Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Perlis, Malaysia.
Abstract
Paddy farmers face significant challenges from bird pests, particularly species such as pipits and sparrows, which can reduce yields by up to 70%, especially during the grain-filling stage, leading to substantial economic losses. Traditional pest control methods such as physical barriers, scare tactics, and chemical deterrents are often inefficient and labour-intensive. To address this issue, this research develops an artificial intelligence (AI)-based bird detection system to protect paddy fields. The solution involves using a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-accelerated object detection model to accurately identify bird activity in real time. The system integrates a notification mechanism via Telegram to alert farmers immediately, enabling swift manual intervention. The research employed the DEtection TRansformer with ResNet-50 backbone (DETRResNet50) model for its precision and high confidence in detection, running on both Central Processing
Unit (CPU) and FPGA configurations to optimize performance. Results showed significant improvements in latency and frames per second (FPS) when using FPGA acceleration, demonstrating effective real-time bird detection capabilities. The system’s implementation enhanced crop protection, promoted eco-friendly practices, and improved overall farming efficiency by reducing manual surveillance and providing valuable data for long-term pest management strategies. Key quantitative findings revealed that FPGA acceleration improved FPS by over 200% compared to CPU performance.
Keywords
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