Farid Saadaoui; Khaled Mammar; Abdaldjabar Hazzab
Abstract
This work is designed to study the energy management of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), which is based on the activity and management of water and its effect on the electrolyte membrane (FC) as a function of the influx of hydrogen and oxygen, by taking into account the influence of humidification ...
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This work is designed to study the energy management of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), which is based on the activity and management of water and its effect on the electrolyte membrane (FC) as a function of the influx of hydrogen and oxygen, by taking into account the influence of humidification on the implementation of this electrical system to avoid drying and flooding that can cause deterioration of the FC. The cell voltage and system efficiency are also influenced by current density and operating temperature, and simulation results on Matlab / simulink are discussed.
Monir Rezaee; Nargess Sadeghzadeh Nokhobberiz; Javad Poshtan
Abstract
In this article, the issue of sensor fault detection and identification with sensory information is considered. This is due to the dependence of successful Fult Detection (FD) method on correct sensory measurements that suffer from various soft sensory faults such as bias, drift, scaling factor, and ...
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In this article, the issue of sensor fault detection and identification with sensory information is considered. This is due to the dependence of successful Fult Detection (FD) method on correct sensory measurements that suffer from various soft sensory faults such as bias, drift, scaling factor, and hard faults that can be detected independently. They are not detectable but can be combined with other sensors. To solve this issue, firstly, a state space model for pump subsystem was constructed using the electrical simulation method. Then, the sensory soft faults are modeled and amplified to electro-pump state space model. Both system states and amplified sensory soft faults are then estimated using an Extended Kalman filter (EKF) in which nonlinear model of the induction motor is linearized around the estimated states. Information of current, angular velocity (encoder) and pressure sensors are melted for this goal. The efficiency of the method is firstly evaluated through simulation and then experimental results are provided from our laboratory setup. Measured volume currents, flow, and pressure are compared with simulated signals, and results show that the proposed model is able to successfully describe the laboratory system with good precision. These results show that the model can describe the electro-pump dynamic with good precision.
Mohamed Fayez; F. Bendary; M. El-hadidy; M. Mandor
Abstract
Oscillation behavior is usually experienced in all power grids as an inherent characterization related to their very existence. Inter-area oscillations are considered to be the most likely to jeopardize the synchronous integrity in power grids. They cause declining the quality conditions of the transmitted ...
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Oscillation behavior is usually experienced in all power grids as an inherent characterization related to their very existence. Inter-area oscillations are considered to be the most likely to jeopardize the synchronous integrity in power grids. They cause declining the quality conditions of the transmitted power which could have adverse impacts on big consumers’ load fed directly from the transmission grid. Therefore, the prime target of this investigation is to alleviate the power oscillations resulting from the different grid disturbances. This aim is accomplished by utilizing a fuzzy based resistor braking strategy taking three energization signals into consideration. Additionally, various time latencies are considered to examine and evaluate the propositioned strategy under these conditions. Also, declined inertia situations resulting from the escalated incursion levels of grid-connected photovoltaic plants are considered to examine the propositioned strategy from a futuristic operational perspective. For examining the effectivity of the propositioned strategy, non-linear time-domain simulation studies are conducted on Kundur benchmark via MATLAB/Simulink platform. Five comparative simulation studies of the benchmark after being subjected to variety of perturbations demonstrate the effectivity of propositioned strategy.
Anjali Jain; Ashish Mani; Anwar Siddiqui
Abstract
Dynamic economic dispatch (DED) is a complex power system problem. The problem becomes more complex with inclusion of electric vehicles. In the presented paper, Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO) is proposed to solve this complex problem. IGWO is having a better balance between exploitation ...
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Dynamic economic dispatch (DED) is a complex power system problem. The problem becomes more complex with inclusion of electric vehicles. In the presented paper, Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO) is proposed to solve this complex problem. IGWO is having a better balance between exploitation and exploration for the complex problem such as Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED) taking into account of valve- point effect, transmission losses and ramp-rate limits with and without electric vehicles (EVs). The efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated on solving different DED problems for 5 generator and 15 generator test systems with and without losses along with different charging profile distribution of electric vehicles. The results showcased by IGWO is compared with the other algorithm. The results obtained by IGWO algorithm using repair method adopted in solving dynamic economic dispatch problem is giving competitive results as compared to the results given by other algorithm present in literature.
Hassan Ghaedi; Seyed Reza Kamel Tabbakh; Reza Ghaemi
Abstract
Energy losses in the electricity distribution and transmission network and electricity theft detection are major challenges of electricity suppliers around the world. Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an essential segment of the smart grids that is responsible for gathering, measuring and analyzing ...
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Energy losses in the electricity distribution and transmission network and electricity theft detection are major challenges of electricity suppliers around the world. Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an essential segment of the smart grids that is responsible for gathering, measuring and analyzing consuming data of customers. The addition of a security layer to AMI has paved the way for the electricity theft in new ways. The analysis of consumed data related to users is one of the essential resources to identify electricity thieves. In this paper, the crow search algorithm (CSA) is improved and the factors of weight (w ) and awareness probability (AP ) are obtained dynamically and used to adjust the parameters c and γ of support vector machine (SVM). The results illustrate that the ICSA-SVM framework has acceptable performance and detects fraudulent customers with a high accuracy.
HamidReza Afzal; Behrang Barekatain; Zahra Beheshti
Abstract
Although Named Data Network (NDN) has made a bright future in Internet for high volume of requests by many users, how to send a request package (I-Pkt) consciously from the consumer to the Producer and returning the data package (D-Pkt) inversely is still one of its most important challenges. According ...
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Although Named Data Network (NDN) has made a bright future in Internet for high volume of requests by many users, how to send a request package (I-Pkt) consciously from the consumer to the Producer and returning the data package (D-Pkt) inversely is still one of its most important challenges. According to the recent limited researches, using service quality parameters beside an optimization algorithm like ant colony to find the optimal path has been an appropriate response to solve this problem. Not considering the service quality parameters sufficiently to find an optimal path is a problem to be focused more on. In line with this, this study has addressed the Intelligent Water Drops (IWD) optimization algorithm. In this algorithm, the best possible path based on many parameters related to path quality like cost, delay and number of steps taken by the package (I-Pkt) will be selected. In other words, the water drop movement tries to find the optimal path through the amount of soil collection in the path or the velocity rate. The results of simulating in ndnSIM simulator show that comparing the ant colony, it has improved in cost parameter on average by 23%, in hit ratio parameter by 24% and in hop count parameter by 13%. The general result is increasing service level quality in NDNs.
Maryam Hajiee; Mehdi Fartash; Nafiseh Osati Eraghi
Abstract
The use of wireless sensor networks is becoming more and more important due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the living conditions of human beings today. The three main goals in designing this type of network are to reduce energy consumption, choose the shortest route and choose a reliable route for data ...
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The use of wireless sensor networks is becoming more and more important due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the living conditions of human beings today. The three main goals in designing this type of network are to reduce energy consumption, choose the shortest route and choose a reliable route for data transmission. In this paper, these three goals are considered in routing. Due to the fact that this type of network is exposed to many attacks, identifying malicious nodes and removing them creates security in this type of network. This paper presents an energy-aware and trusted-based routing method using learning automata and an evaluation function. Learning automata identifies trusted nodes (to send data) and malicious nodes using the corresponding evaluation function. The evaluation function considers the residual energy, the node's trust and the number of hops to the sink parameters. Thus, the data reaches its destination in a safe and reliable way. The evaluation results of the proposed method show an improvement in the performance of this method compared to other relevant methods.
Ahmadali Ashrafian; Mahmoud Mohammad-Taheri; Mohammad Naser-Moghaddasi; Mehdi Khatir; Behbod Ghalamkari
Abstract
In this paper, the design and optimization of a cascaded common source four-stage millimeter wave amplifier in a 130 nm CMOS technology has been presented. First, Pi-shaped wideband impedance matching networks (IMNs) were used in the input / output impedance matching networks (IOIMNs) and inter-stages. ...
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In this paper, the design and optimization of a cascaded common source four-stage millimeter wave amplifier in a 130 nm CMOS technology has been presented. First, Pi-shaped wideband impedance matching networks (IMNs) were used in the input / output impedance matching networks (IOIMNs) and inter-stages. Next, single stubs were converted to symmetrical double stubs in the IOIMNs and an ultra-wideband inductor replaced each stub. Ultra-wideband inductors were also used in series in the inter-stage IMNs to achieve higher gain in wider frequency bandwidth. Then, the impedance matrices of IOIMNs and inter-stages were calculated using planar circuit analysis (PCA), which is based on the planar waveguide model and segmentation/desegmentation methods (SDSM). Finally, by optimizing the length and characteristic impedance of each segment of microstrip line in the IMNs through using an intelligent algorithm in MATLAB, the excellent IMNs were designed, which resulted in an amplifier with , and in the frequency range of 57- 64 GHz. With this design method, in addition to incorporating the effect of discontinuities, the fringing fields at the edges of the microstrip as well as the conductor and dielectric losses, the effects of dispersion would be minimized by choosing a substrate whose thickness is much smaller than the wavelength and its relative permittivity is low.
Arash Daghighi; Abdollah KhalilZad
Volume 15, Issue 4 , December 2021, Pages 109-113
Abstract
In this paper, for the first time, Threshold-voltage-adjust-implant is engineered to optimize body current in 45 nm Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) MOSFET. The peak value and peak position concentration of the Gaussian implant under the gate oxide in the silicon body are varied in order to optimize the body ...
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In this paper, for the first time, Threshold-voltage-adjust-implant is engineered to optimize body current in 45 nm Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) MOSFET. The peak value and peak position concentration of the Gaussian implant under the gate oxide in the silicon body are varied in order to optimize the body current in SOI technology. The variations affect the devices’ threshold voltages. In order to make a fair comparison, the gate work function is changed to obtain the same threshold voltage within the entire simulated devices and operating regime. The body current is monitored while the it is swept from 0 V to 1.5 V. The maximum of the body current is observed at VDS=1.5 V. The concentration of Threshold-voltage-adjust-implant peak value is changed from 1.7E17 cm-3 to 7E18 cm-3. The peak position of the implant is varied from 0 nm right under the gate oxide to 20 nm below the gate oxide and silicon surface. It is observed that the body current is minimized at the peak value concentration of 7E17 cm-3 and peak position of 0 nm. This occurs by proper choice of the gate work function and gate material. The minimization of body current leads to the less requirement for the number of body contacts and smaller gate parasitic capacitance which, in turn, concludes higher operating frequency and larger fT.
