Fatemeh Saeedizadeh; Naser Pariz; Seyyed Abed Hosseini
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 1-12
Abstract
A higher-order sliding approach to control a bioreactor model is proposed by non-commensurate fractional equations. The model outputs by the help of a controller reached the desired values and track them. According to existing conditions and chattering reduction, a high-order sliding mode has been ...
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A higher-order sliding approach to control a bioreactor model is proposed by non-commensurate fractional equations. The model outputs by the help of a controller reached the desired values and track them. According to existing conditions and chattering reduction, a high-order sliding mode has been chosen to design the controller. The purpose of the paper is to choose proper sliding surfaces. Here, for a better conclusion, a comparison has been made between the high-order sliding mode and the standard sliding mode. High-order sliding mode controllers have been taken in accordance with the structure of integer order system. Thus, in order for the system to apply more precise calculations, it should somehow turn to integer order. The sliding surfaces have been selected so appropriately that we can benefit from the structure of integer order controllers for fractional order system. The sliding surface in both controllers has also been the same so as to provide conditions for comparison. Finally, simulation results indicate that the high-order sliding mode controller has a great impact on chattering reduction.
Navid Razmjooy; Mehdi Ramezani
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 13-21
Abstract
Since two-wheeled and self-balancing robot has a complicated and non-linear structure, its model has some uncertainties. These uncertainties cause that the system has an incorrect solution if while using the classic methods for controlling of it. In this paper, a new method based on interval analysis ...
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Since two-wheeled and self-balancing robot has a complicated and non-linear structure, its model has some uncertainties. These uncertainties cause that the system has an incorrect solution if while using the classic methods for controlling of it. In this paper, a new method based on interval analysis is proposed for modeling the optimal control of the two-wheeled and self-balancing robot with interval uncertain parameters which requires only lower and upper bounds of uncertain parameters, with no needing to know about probability distributions. Because the system has uncertainties in it, controllability is first analyzed based on interval arithmetic. Afterwards, LQR based method based on Pontryagin principle is utilized to solve the problem. Finally, by solving the interval Ricatti equations, the confidence interval for feedback controller has been achieved. Final results are compared with Monte Carlo method and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Mehdi Tabasi; Pouyan Asgharian
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 23-30
Abstract
Recently, power system restructuring, demand response (DR) program and using of distributed generation (DG) are important issues to enhance reliability, power flow continuity and power quality for costumers. In this paper, scheduling of distributed networks with DR program for a 24-hours optimization ...
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Recently, power system restructuring, demand response (DR) program and using of distributed generation (DG) are important issues to enhance reliability, power flow continuity and power quality for costumers. In this paper, scheduling of distributed networks with DR program for a 24-hours optimization problem is modelled. The DR program is based on load side participation and in order to solve this optimization problem, a new algorithm called Symbiotic Organism Search (SOS) has been used. Objective functions are system losses and operation costs reduction. After exact definition of the problem, objective functions and constraints, proposed method for short-term scheduling is simulated on a 33-bus standard network with MATLAB software for different scenarios. Simulation results show that adoption of demand response programs with proposed method have desirable performance to reduce losses and costs.
Hossein Amootaghi; Shahrokh Shojaeian; Ehsan Salleala Naeini
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 31-37
Abstract
Sliding mode control is an efficient and robust control method widely used in nonlinear systems. Power systems are one of the largest nonlinear dynamic systems which their transient stability analyses have a lot of importance. In this paper, sliding mode control is applied for improving the low frequency ...
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Sliding mode control is an efficient and robust control method widely used in nonlinear systems. Power systems are one of the largest nonlinear dynamic systems which their transient stability analyses have a lot of importance. In this paper, sliding mode control is applied for improving the low frequency oscillations damping of a single machine connected to an infinite bus. The performance of the system is analyzed in normal mode operation, post-fault state, after operation of relays (and opening the breakers in the both ends of the faulty line), and reclosing mechanism which returns the line to service. Here, TCSC is employed as an oscillation damper. TCSC can be considered as a controllable impedance determined by the sliding mode control. In addition, a dynamical observer is proposed for the sliding mode controller. Simulation results demonstrate that, the performance of the power system in damping the low frequency oscillations is improved significantly.
Geeta Velhal; Avani Pujara; V Muralidhara; Shashikant Bakre; Vaishali Velhal
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 39-46
Abstract
In the modern electrical grid, accuracy and speed of fault clearance are the major challenges which need to be addressed. This paper covers a case study of fault location techniques in Electrical Transmission and Distribution network, using Numeric Relay and Offline Fault Locator. Healthiness of ...
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In the modern electrical grid, accuracy and speed of fault clearance are the major challenges which need to be addressed. This paper covers a case study of fault location techniques in Electrical Transmission and Distribution network, using Numeric Relay and Offline Fault Locator. Healthiness of electrical transmission line is ensured using Line Signature Analyzer. Comparative study of online and offline fault location in electrical transmission and distribution network has been carried out and the inferences are drawn. Frequency of occurrence of Single Line to Ground fault is maximum (about 75%) among various types of faults. Data at 220 kV and 132 kV substations has been collected and analyzed, keeping focus on Single Line to Ground Fault.Architecture of Substation Automation system (SAS) using single communication technology based on IEC 61850-8 and IEC 61850-9 is explained. Proposed architecture consisting of numeric meter with JAVA Compilation Unit (JCU) and Ethernet switch standardized as per IEC 61850 is demonstrated. The Java source code to send indications to output port of Numeric Meter is included.
Mehdi Tabasi; Alireza Bakhshinejad
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 47-54
Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) panels are rely on environmental condition such as irradiation or temperature so, they are required to an interface boost converter. Non-isolated DC-DC boost converters have lower volume, lower costs and lower power dissipation compare to isolated converters. Therefore, a non-isolated ...
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Photovoltaic (PV) panels are rely on environmental condition such as irradiation or temperature so, they are required to an interface boost converter. Non-isolated DC-DC boost converters have lower volume, lower costs and lower power dissipation compare to isolated converters. Therefore, a non-isolated boost converter is used in this paper. The proposed structure is controlled by Pulsed Width Modulation (PWM) technique to increase input voltage level. Main advantages of the proposed converter include low input current ripples, low voltage stress on semiconductor switches, high efficiency and low conduction losses. Moreover, maximum power is achieved from PV panels. Based on mentioned benefits along with simulation and experimental results, this boost converter is desired for PV applications.
Zohreh Dorrani
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 55-60
Abstract
We have presented the investigation on the slab of photonic crystals that was made of a honeycomb lattice of silicon embedded in free space. For the simulation of this structure was used the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. This arrangement was shown that with suitable choice ...
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We have presented the investigation on the slab of photonic crystals that was made of a honeycomb lattice of silicon embedded in free space. For the simulation of this structure was used the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. This arrangement was shown that with suitable choice of frequency can have negative refraction with an effect metamedium with . In this conditions, in TE polarization can be used total mirror and in TM polarization can be used superlens. In a certain frequency, this type of photonic crystal structure acts as left handed martial that they were named metamaterials. A wide range effects were studied by this structure. For be shown these unusual phenomena, we analyses the contour map and solid model of electric field and magnetic field for a photonic crystals structure. This structure has negative refraction of light, subwavelength lensing effect, 100% reflector. These feathers there are in metamaterials that also in photonic crystals can be shown. We have presented the investigation on the slab of photonic crystals that was made of a honeycomb lattice of silicon embedded in free space. For the simulation of this structure was used the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. This arrangement was shown that with suitable choice of frequency can have negative refraction with an effect metamedium with . In this conditions, in TE polarization can be used total mirror and in TM polarization can be used superlens. In a certain frequency, this type of photonic crystal structure acts as left handed martial that they were named metamaterials. A wide range effects were studied by this structure. For be shown these unusual phenomena, we analyses the contour map and solid model of electric field and magnetic field for a photonic crystals structure. This structure has negative refraction of light, subwavelength lensing effect, 100% reflector. These feathers there are in metamaterials that also in photonic crystals can be shown.
Navneet Kaur; Munish Rattan; Sandeep Gill
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 61-69
Abstract
FinFETs are the emerging 3D-transistor structures due to strong electrostatic control of active channel by gate from more than one side which was not possible in conventional transistor. FinFET structures with rectangular and trapezoidal shape have been excessively analyzed in literature. In this work, ...
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FinFETs are the emerging 3D-transistor structures due to strong electrostatic control of active channel by gate from more than one side which was not possible in conventional transistor. FinFET structures with rectangular and trapezoidal shape have been excessively analyzed in literature. In this work, FinFET with Broadwell-Y shape proposed by Intel, has been designed and simulated in Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). The performance of the designed device was optimized using Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) after the network was trained through Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Results obtained from MATLAB were in close agreement with those obtained from TCAD simulations. Output parameters like leakage current (IOFF) of 2.407e-12, On-Off current ratio (ION/IOFF) of 4.5e06, Subthreshold Swing (SS) of 65.4mV/dec and Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) of 37.9mV/V were obtained after optimization. Short channel effects are improved for 20nm gate length as SS is close to ideal value 60mV/dec and DIBL is below 100mV/V which makes this designed structure a good option for nanoscale applications.
Mohammad Hadi Emtehani; Sima Emadi
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 71-77
Abstract
by development of using software of Enterprise Content Management (ECM), necessity of improving electronic Correspondence of inter-enterprise is felt more than before in order to enterprise cooperation. Despite existence of some bases for enterprise content management such as ECE protocol still there ...
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by development of using software of Enterprise Content Management (ECM), necessity of improving electronic Correspondence of inter-enterprise is felt more than before in order to enterprise cooperation. Despite existence of some bases for enterprise content management such as ECE protocol still there are some problems such as user intervention, delay, consumption of paper, parallelism, impossibility of tracking Correspondence and security problems and possibility of enterprise cooperation is not provided well. Using architecture of service component which has advantages of service-oriented approach such as simplicity, reusability, interoperability and flexibility produces an optimal solution for interoperability between systems and heterogeneous substrates by increasing the agility of integration of Web services meanwhile it doesn’t have overload due to services and minimizes costs of development and maintenance. Component service of ECES which is implemented by using architecture of service component supports ECE standards and makes doing electronic Correspondence possible between enterprises of Iran.
Mohammad reza Ansari
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 79-86
Abstract
This paper presents a simulation of the dynamic voltage stability in power system. In application of modern power system, dynamic assessment of voltage stability is known as basic concept. In order to study dynamic voltage stability in a power system, different dynamic boundaries are defined ...
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This paper presents a simulation of the dynamic voltage stability in power system. In application of modern power system, dynamic assessment of voltage stability is known as basic concept. In order to study dynamic voltage stability in a power system, different dynamic boundaries are defined such as, Hopf bifurcation (HB) boundary. HB point is an oscillatory boundary in power system. For recognition of the bifurcations, it is unavoidable to study the eigenvalues of power system. In spite of this, determination of these eigenvalues need to dynamic Jacobian matrix of power system and modal analysis that is very time consuming and complex in large systems. Also, different industrial loads (static and dynamic) e.g. induction motors can effect on dynamic voltage stability boundaries. In this paper, we proposed a solution method based on analysis the eigenvalues of reduced Jacobian matrix and time domain simulation for assessment of dynamic voltage stability. In addition, effects of industrial electrical loads on the small disturbance voltage stability are evaluated by the proposed method. To show the effectiveness of the proposed solution method, it is tested on IEEE 14 bus and New England test systems.
Vahid Rashtchi; Seyyed Hamidreza Mousavi
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 87-94
Abstract
Side-channel attacks are considered to be the most important problems of modern digital security systems. Today, Differential Power Attack (DPA) is one of the most powerful tools for attacking hardware encryption algorithms in order to discover the correct key of the system. In this work, a new scheme ...
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Side-channel attacks are considered to be the most important problems of modern digital security systems. Today, Differential Power Attack (DPA) is one of the most powerful tools for attacking hardware encryption algorithms in order to discover the correct key of the system. In this work, a new scheme based on randomizing power consumption of a fixed-operation logic gate is proposed. The goal of this method is enhancing the immunity of AES algorithm against DPA. Having a novel topology to randomize the power consumption of each Exclusive-NOR gate, the proposed circuit causes random changes in the overall power consumption of the steps of the algorithm; thus, the correlation between the instantaneous power consumption and the correct key is decreased and the immunity of the AES implementations which the key is injected into their process through Exclusive-NOR gates is extremely increased. The proposed method can be used as a general hardening method in the majority of cryptographic algorithms. The results of theoretical analysis and simulations in 90-nm technology demonstrate the capability of the proposed circuits to strengthen AES against DPA. The CMOS area and power consumption overhead is less than 1%.
Abbas Alipoor; Ali Mir; Akram Sheikhi
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 95-101
Abstract
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) communication system is an all optical network technology that transmit information by sending light pulse through a single mode fiber. Proposed technology can increase the capacity and bandwidth of optical network. DWDM system consists of different passive ...
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Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) communication system is an all optical network technology that transmit information by sending light pulse through a single mode fiber. Proposed technology can increase the capacity and bandwidth of optical network. DWDM system consists of different passive and active components such as transponders, fibers, passive optical filters, and an optical amplifier. In this paper an ultra-high capacity 64-channel DWDM system with intensity modulations such as two methods of duo-binary modulation at different bit rates of 10, 20 and 40 Gbps for a coverage distance of 1500 km and more is designed and simulated. Also, the transmission parameters of proposed system is optimized to achieve the Max quality factor. Results shows for proposed system with ultra-high capacity, the first method of duo-binary modulation has good performance than other modulations such as second duo-binary method and conventional modulation formats that used in optical network. The performance of the presented system is evaluated in the final arrangement by means of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (OSNR) measurements.
Nagarjuna Telagam; Nehru Kandasamy
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 103-108
Abstract
The semiconductor circuits dissipate energy in the form of binary digits. This dissipation of energy is in the form of power consumption. ALU is complex circuit and is one of many components within CPU. It performs mathematical and bitwise operations. This paper proposes a new low power 8 bit ALU digital ...
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The semiconductor circuits dissipate energy in the form of binary digits. This dissipation of energy is in the form of power consumption. ALU is complex circuit and is one of many components within CPU. It performs mathematical and bitwise operations. This paper proposes a new low power 8 bit ALU digital circuit for nano scale regions. The proposed ALU has two 4x1 data selectors, 2x4 decoder and an adder circuit as sub modules. The output of 2x4 decoder is connected to 3 input NAND, AND, OR, XOR gates. With the help of selection lines of multiplexer the conventional operations of ALU such as logical operations are performed. This proposed ALU caters the need of digital signal processing tools. Present ALU structure is simulated in Linux Computer using Cadence Virtuoso software and implemented in 180mm technology. The proposed ALU has delay of 386.0ps and average power of 677.2uW. The power delay product shows 65.58 % improvement when compared to the conventional 8-bit ALU design
Mansoureh Khojandi jazi; Narges Habibi; Majid Harouni
Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2018, Pages 109-116
Abstract
Diabetes is the most costly gland disease in the world. Given the high rates of diabetic people, the necessity of reducing the costs of early re-hospitalization and increasing re-admissions within 30 days after discharge have drawn the attention of researchers and other health sector authorities to find ...
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Diabetes is the most costly gland disease in the world. Given the high rates of diabetic people, the necessity of reducing the costs of early re-hospitalization and increasing re-admissions within 30 days after discharge have drawn the attention of researchers and other health sector authorities to find ways to reduce potential and preventable hospital re-admissions. The objective of this paper is to estimate the risk of re-hospitalization of diabetic patients. In order to achieve this goal, the data were first pre-processed, and then, radial base function neural network combined with colonial competition optimization algorithm was used to estimate the risk of re-hospitalization of diabetic patients. Moreover, this risk was estimated using back propagation neural network algorithm and the radial base function neural network algorithm. The accuracy of the proposed method is 99.91. This method shows higher performance compared to radial base function neural network method and back propagation neural network without feature selection.
